|
Hollywood & Vine
Hosted by Sharon Waxman
Post Style Correspondent
Rescheduled: Thursday, March 8, 2001; 3 p.m. EST
Washington Post Style correspondent Sharon Waxman brings Hollywood & Vine Live Online for a discussion about the inner workings of the movie industry. There is a whole political universe behind how the movies happen, the tug and pull of egos, financial imperatives, a pecking order for privileges as well as genuine creative impulses.
Sharon Waxman is on hand Thursday, Mar. 8, at 3 p.m. EST to answer your questions and field your comments on the industry personalities she has met; the movies that are causing a stir and why; trends in the industry and the culture of moviemaking in general.
Below is a transcript.
Editor's Note: Washingtonpost.com moderators retain editorial control
over Live Online discussions and choose the most relevant questions for guests and hosts; guests and hosts can decline to answer questions.
Sharon Waxman: Welcome to all. I'm just back from the shooting spree in San Diego, but already plunged back into movie world. Santee is unlike anywhere you find in the movies these days - very white, middle class, and absolutely rife with drugs among young kids. Not a pleasant thought.
Meantime, Hollywood putters along up to the Oscars. SAG awards are this Sunday, and DGA and others to follow. You've got questions. I've got mealy-mouthed replies. Let's go.
Metro Center, D.C.:
Sharon-
Love your chats. Hope you can offer a good suggestion for me. I like to try to see all of the Oscar nominated movies/performances before the big day, and just saw Quills last night. I was a little disturbed, but apppreciated Geoffrey Rush's perfomance. Next on my list is either Requiem for a Dream or Before Night Falls. Which one of these is least disturbing/depressing? I'd like to see both for the performances, but figure my psyche can only take one of these in the next couple of weeks. Thanks.
Sharon Waxman: That made me chuckle; I know exactly what you mean.
If you're feeling a little delicate, I'd definitely recommend Before Night Falls. There's nothing particularly awful to see, even though it's the story of a gay poet in Communist Cuba being persecuted. It's more about his exclusion, increasing marginalization - arrest and abuse, yes, but the footage is not unbearable. A very poetically told story, I think.
Requiem for a Dream, on the other hand, was very very difficult to watch, at least for me. I think it fully deserved the NC-17 it was given, not because of a somewhat debauched but unrevealing sex scene, but because of the intensity of the subject matter, the way director Darren Arronofsky depicts the plunge into a psychic abyss that is the horror of addiction.
Others are welcome to disagree, but that's my read.
(PS I myself have STILL not seen Castaway. It's on my list of things to see that are Good For You But No Fun.)
Washington, D.C.:
Regarding your article last week on fading actresses, I find it very interesting that four out of the five Best Actress nominees this year are over 35 years old (with Julia Roberts at 33 being the exception) and that three of them starred in independent films. The world of independent films seems like the best place for older actresses to find good, challenging parts. The downside to this is that it is much more difficult for them to achieve the kind of notoriety and box-office clout that Roberts has achieved, which in turn would give them more clout in Hollywood to pick and/or create for themselves better female acting roles. It seems like a kind of Catch-22 situation that is not easy to find a remedy or solution for.
Sharon Waxman: That's exactly right; you totally get it.
I happened to have breakfast today with the head flak at Sony studios, whose president is a woman, Amy Pascal. I told her about the piece, and asked if there is any discussion within the studio - ie between herself and Pascal -- about how few roles there are for women. (Surprise: they're making Spiderman and it's - yes! again! - the everpresent Kirsten Dunst playing Tobey Maguire's girlfriend.) There isn't much discussion, in fact, though she launched into the tale of a new film they're about to make with Spike Jonze (of 'Being John Malkovich') with Meryl Streep and Nicolas Cage. But Streep is pretty much the only actress over 50 who works in studio movies. (Glenn Close in 102 Dalmations doesn't count.)
D.C.:
Thank you for last week's article about women's roles in film. I found the example of Julia Ormond particularly interesting. I hadn't thought about her in a while, and it was interesting to read your assessment of what has happened to her and other actresses.
Sharon Waxman: Well thanks. I think Ormond has retreated to England.
Washington, D.C.:
Sharon, no offense intended, but what's the Hollywood Reporter doing covering schools shootings? Were people all hepped up to blame the movies again? Or were they just in a hurry and you were in the area?
Sharon Waxman: No offense taken. (At first I thought you meant the trade paper was down in Santee, and I was confused by your question.)
I am the entertainment/pop culture/Style West Coast writer. But when news happens and they need someone on deck, sometimes they call on me. (I've covered many tragedies in California since I'm here - remember that millenial space alien cult that committed mass suicide?)
Chicago:
How can Castaway be considered good for anyone? Just the thought of having to watch another Tom Hanks movie makes my skin crawl.
Sharon Waxman: Ouch! Is Tom Hanks so over?
D.C.:
Your statement about drug use among Santee teenagers is interesting. Will you cover this in a future article?
Sharon Waxman: Not really, that's definitely not my beat, but I have noticed every time I venture out into quasi-rural California, I am astounded by the amount of drugs kids use, and how young they use them. Actually, I've incorporated that element into features I've done, like on a few kids who knifed a young girl to death in San Luis Obispo and are being sued, along with record companies, for following death metal lyrics. And another small, largely white town north of San Francisco where there's been a lot of random, unexplained murders; there crystal meth is epidemic. I'm sure this is true all over the country, but I've just been made aware of it here.
D.C.:
Sharon,
I work in PR, and just got a trade pub that said you were the newly named entertainment correspondent for the Post. Haven't you been that for a while?
Sharon Waxman: Yes. What was the trade publication? That's kind of funny. (Function of people out here not reading the Post, most likely.)
Washington, D.C.:
How did being a Hollywood/Entertainment reporter affect your perception of the school shooting, compared to your colleages with whom you wrote those articles?
I love chatting about movies, but I've wanted to ask you this question since I saw your by-line earlier this week.
Sharon Waxman: I can't say the one area really affected the other. At those kinds of events you can't help reacting as a person, and speaking personally, as a mother as well. The whole thing was all the more disturbing because I can't really understand what would make a kid, even 'scrawny,' even picked on, go to such lengths. It's not like there was nothing positive in his life. Most of the writing staffs of television sitcoms were kids who were picked on in high school. (Last week's 'Parade' magazine: "David Spade: a misfit in school, he became a star..." or something like that.) I can't get it to quite add up. And then there was yesterday, where they arrested something like 10 kids in California alone who were planning copycat crimes. I don't really get why kids think this is such a cool thing to do, killing completely innocent peers for a moment's notoriety, and the certainty that they'll go to jail for a long, long time.
Arlington:
What a great job you have covering Hollywood and school shootings. How do you end up covering entertainment and hard news?
Is there anything Hollywood could be doing to help shootings like that from occurring?
Sharon Waxman: I have some thoughts on this (we talk about this a lot here), but I'd like to hear from you folks out there.
What do you think?
Bowie:
Has the California power crisis prompted any of the usually left-leaning environmentalist types out there to admit that maybe not building any power plants wasn't such a great idea.
Sharon Waxman: Not at all. It's prompted environmentalists to say 'I told you so," that California has not done enough to develop alternative energy sources.
Annapolis, Md.:
Great discussions Sharon. I have a question relating indirectly to the movie industry. I am eager to direct my career toward the entertainment publicity field - do you know of or how to find details on the area (i.e., agencies, professional organizations)? Thanks!
Sharon Waxman: Hi. Couple of possibilities; you can send your resume to the studios directly. They all have big publicity departments. There are also numerous independent publicity agencies based in New York and Los Angeles. If you buy something called a "Blu-Book," it's an entertainment industry directory (try Barnes & Noble), you can get all their addresses to contact them. Good luck.
D.C.:
No! We shouldn't blame pop culture for any violent acts. We should blame easy access to guns. Period. These kids have one thing in common: parents or other adults who allowed them to obtain a gun.
Sharon Waxman: Ok.
But if a movie can inspire you to feel good, or to be moved in a positive way, why can't it influence you in a negative way?
Laurel, Md.:
Is there any top Hollywood celebrity who is famous for never attending the Academy Awards?
Sharon Waxman: Are you quizzing me on trivia? Is that because you know I stink at trivia? Isn't there some English actor who won't come? Laurence Olivier? No, he's dead. Guys, help me out.
Fairfax:
Not sure of this is of interest to you...a few weeks ago I was watching a story on ET about Calista Flockhart adopting a baby and the reporter was asking other celebs for their reaction. Linda Hamilton made what I thought was a strange comment, something like "I wonder if that's the baby I was offered? I turned it down because I'm too busy now..." Do the celebs have their own new baby service?
Sharon Waxman: How sickening. Did she say it in a joking way? I have no idea how celebs adopt. Pick up People magazine if you're interested though, and report back to H&V if you don't mind. It's on their cover.
D.C.:
The Bulldog Reporter, March 9 edition. "Sharon Waxman joins as entertainment correspondent, and addition." Oh well. Just thought that was weird.
A question for you: your story about women in Hollywood was really interesting. Can't these women (Angela Bassett, etc.) use their clout at the height of their popularity to demand production deals? Sandra Bullock did, and she's still making lots of films despite all the crap she's starred in in recent years. This is probably a very naive question, I'm sure.
Sharon Waxman: Hmmm. Never heard of the Bulldog Reporter. Which, I guess, makes us even.
Women, all actors actually, often do get production deals at the height of their popularity. Julia Stiles, age 18 (or close to that), just got a production deal at a studio. Perhaps it didn't occur to Angela Bassett at the time. I agree that strategy has helped Sandra Bullock, but I also think that doing so without the screening process of writers/ agents/ etc. has had her push through the production of a lot of very poor material. Even Miss Congeniality was mediocre, though a hit; had the stars lined up wrong I think it could've flopped. She got lucky.
D.C.:
Re: Crystal meth in California.
I used to live in San Diego, and I remember reading an article about crystal meth up and down the west coast. It parallels Interstate 5, which is a major route for drug trafficking. I remember very scary stats about the percentage of people arrested that are high on crystal meth--well over 50%, don't remember the exact number. I think the article was in the City Paper/Reader/whatever it's called in SD.
Sharon Waxman: San Diego has an additional problem of being so close to the drug-sieve border with Mexico (see "Traffic"). So many parents, and kids too, said that drugs are rampant, cheap and hard to avoid. Crystal meth really is everywhere; it doesn't even need to come across the border. You can just make it in the bathtub. Did you know that it also produces some incredible percentage of toxic sludge by-product? That's scary too. I'm sure all those crystal meth labs are not exactly disposing of the waste in an environmentally conscious way.
Dulles Dame:
Oscar non-attenders: the one I immediately thought of is often-nominated Woody Allen. I've heard he never attends because he always plays clarinet with his band that night.
Sharon Waxman: Thank you.
Chicago, Ill.:
What is the greatest song made in the 80's?
Sharon Waxman: Are you lost or something?
South Pole, Antarctica:
Afternoon, Sharon: Will Hollywood ever get around to filming stories on great women in history? For example: Teddy Roosevelt's daughter Alice Roosevelt Longworth, an interesting woman in her own right and a subject A&E's Biography continues to ignore yet they do biographies on people like Mackenzie Phillips(!) for God's sakes. Other women I could name include: Helene Dutrieu (the first and to this day the only woman to fly in combat in 1914), Harriet Tubman, Minnie Maddern Fiske and Julia Marlowe (two of America's greatest actresses from the stage) and the list goes on and on. Your thoughts?
Sharon Waxman: And on and on and on. But isn't that what Lifetime is for? And let's not forget that first-rate telefilm on Jackie, Joan and Ethel. Gag. How dare that actress pretend to be Jackie O! Did anyone watch that tripe?
I happened to have found an amazing woman from history myself last week, and thought she'd make a great movie; her name is Ida Tarbell, among the first muck-raking journalists, 6' tall, beautiful, and who near-singlehandedly brought down the oil monopoly that was Standard Oil at the turn of the 20th century. Found her in Daniel Yergin's pulitzer-winning book about oil, "The Prize."
I thought: here's a role for Emma Thompson.
New York, N.Y.:
I've read that Albert Finney has never attended the Oscars when he was nominated (four times I believe)...
Sharon Waxman: Thanky.
Washington, D.C.:
I seriously doubt that Hollywood could have done anything to prevent this most recent school killing. According to all reports I read, the kid was picked on so much he was just ready to snap. On the other hand, it would be interesting to see how many recent teen-oriented films hold 'scrawny,' 'gawky' types in contempt ("She's All That" and "Road Trip" come to mind off the top of my head).
Also, it's annoying that some people suggest white suburban kids would never kill one another if not for the movies, then they turn around and say that movies with kids killing each other in the ghetto are just 'reflecting reality.' There's a racial double standard if ever there was one! Violence is violence, either it has an affect on everybody or it doesn't!
Sharon Waxman: Food for thought. Thanks.
Arlington, Va.:
I have a question about breaking into the business. Michael Douglas Zeta Jones recently said that you should make it in New York City and wait for work to call you to Los Angeles as opposed to working as a waiter in LA La land waiting to be discovered. If you were a starlet in waiting, where would you go to get launched?
Sharon Waxman: You mean I'm not a starlet in waiting? What do you think is the point of this show, week in, week out, typing, typing, mugging, smiling? Dammit - do you think this is easy????
Ok, let me think about this. Waiter in Lalaland VS Making it in New York. Hmmmmmm.
I'd say Making It in any city beats being a waiter in Lalaland, and doubly true in New York.
Washington, D.C.:
Speaking of actresses, what happened to Kathleen Turner? In the '80s, she was everywhere and in everything -- then nothing. I know she does the stage now, but what's the deal?
Sharon Waxman: Exactly. No work.
Bangor, Maine:
Hi Sharon:
Her'e a polical Oscar question for you..Saw Pollock. .. nice adult, intelligent fare for a change... Marcia Gay Hardin is oncscreen as much as Ed Harris..so what's with the supporting nomination? Sure Krassner was a legendary supporter, but Hardin is an actress PLAYING a supporter..don't they get the distinction out there? Thanx.
Sharon Waxman: That's in a gray area, I think. The movie is called "Pollock," after all; the story is his life, not his and her life. But we can agree to disagree on this.
Nani/Texas:
Kids are deeply affected and do act out what they see in movies, read in books and hear in music lyrics. At least when I was a kid that's what we did. We'd come home from a movie and re-enact what we'd seen. Cowboys and Indians, war movies, etc. (My mother was not thrilled when we knocked over the sofa trying to recreate one of the dance numbers in Singin in the Rain) In the 50s film, Rebel Without A Cause - Sal Mineo's character was a scrawny, picked-on kid who was befriended by James Dean. All the boys at my high school wanted to emulate Dean and they began to befriend and be a lot nicer to a scrawny "square" kid who was unmercilessly teased. If we could just teach our children to be kind to each other.......
Sharon Waxman: Wow, what a great anecdote. Powerful evidence that movies do indeed affect our lives, especially when we're young. (You'd think this would be accepted fact by now. Can't we all name movies and songs that affected us when we were young?)
Thanks so much for that.
Washington, D.C.:
I enjoyed your Post article last week on how many actresses' careers seem to stall, but I thought you were a little unfair to say Hilary Swank has disappeared. She only won the Oscar less than a year ago, so it seems like you then need to allow time for the offers to flood in, the movies to get made, and the movies to get released. From what I hear, she's made 3 or so movies in the past year, only one of which has been released. It wasn't until this past year that it seemed like Helen Hunt was in every other movie, and that was more than a year after she won--a year obviously spent making movies she was offered after winning.
Sharon Waxman: Thanks for that. I didn't say Hilary Swank has disappeared, I agree it's too early to judge her "over", like Mira Sorvino or Marisa Tomei. She is currently having her shot, and it remains to be seen whether she can prove herself to be box office material, or at least a versatile actress with some staying power.
I do know this: she was not very well-received for her small part in "The Gift." I do know that her coming to fame in a masculine role has hurt her. Mark Ruffalo turned thumbs down on doing the next Rod Lurie movie with her. And even her agent says that doing that glamourous cover of W a month or so ago has put her back on the radar. Which means she wasn't on it before. She does have a film coming out called 'Affair of the Necklace," and that will be key for her, I think.
Re: Sanatee:
Is hollywood partly to blame about the high school shooting? Maybe, but not anymore than the fact that kid had easy access to a gun, a troubled family life and a troubled social life. The article in today's Post, sounded like the kid was searching for some adult role models. And I hate to admit this, but the Pearl Jam video, that showed a young boy opening fire in his class probably put a lot of ideas in a kid's head.
It would be easy and comforting if there was one answer to why this happened, or one person or thing to blame, but of course that's never the case.
Sharon Waxman: Don't know which Pearl Jam video you mean. That's because I am Old. Old. Old. Don't ever watch M-TV. Don't want my kids to see it either. So please elaborate.
I don't think anyone is saying that a movie or a song is "to blame." The only point is that it's part of the total equation, and it doesn't help when all you get are messages that being cool equals destructive or anti-social posing.
Silver Spring:
Somehow this talk of over-the-hill actresses is amusing when you think about someone like Katharine Hepburn, who never lowered her standards and certainly kept working basically until she couldn't.
Sharon Waxman: That's the very point. There are no Katharine Hepburns around anymore; I do hope Meryl Streep will work into her 80s, but even she does not work anywhere near as much as she should or could.
Rocky Ridge, Tenn.:
Miss Waxman, I was wondering whether you vote for the Academy Awards?
Sharon Waxman: No m'dear. I COVER them. (Have to be a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences to vote. I am not and will never be a member of AMPAS.)
Arlington, Va.:
You might want to check out an article on the MSNBC web site wherein the reporter talks about the kids at Santee and how they seem to play to the camera, directing the reporter to the shooter's house. It does seem like some of this is preventable, either to stop the teasing from other kids about being gay or maybe making it OK to actually be gay. There seems such a need for celebrity that to me, even Susan Smith seemed to be smiling. Sick.
Sharon Waxman: Thanks.
New York, N.Y.:
Why are Asian males regularly portrayed in Hollywood as either feminine, nerdy, or karate chopping? Also, why so many Asian American female - African American male couples in TV and movies lately?
Sharon Waxman: I can't say I've noticed that. Maybe they're trying to get a "twofer" on diversity or something. Asian males aren't just feminine or nerdy, they're often sterotyped way worse than that - cunning, duplicitous, evil, with pronounced accents. Sigh. We should send all the studios copies of the new census reports.
Re: Pearl Jam video:
The video is "Jeremy." Both the song and the video are based on a true story of a kid who shot himself to death in front of his classmates.
Sharon Waxman: Thanks.
Charlottesville:
I concur with the comment that kids emulate what they see on the screen. Just ask my brother who, at age 5, jumped off the porch railing while clutching an umbrella. He chipped 3 teeth and cracked his lips, and announced to all at the Emergency Room team that Mary Poppins was a Fake.
Sharon Waxman: Mary Poppins is a threat to the health and welfare of our children! Sounds like an argument that Jack Valenti would be happy to take to the Hill.
Washington, D.C.:
Re: Finger-pointing for the recent school shootings. On one hand Hollywood wants to make social commentary and on the other hand assume no blame for the misdeeds of its audience. I don't support censorship, nor do I think a particular agenda should be promoted. I do think, however, that all of us, including Hollywood, should take responsibility for society's ills. Nobody is exempt. Thanks for letting me vent.
Sharon Waxman: Thanks for venting.
Bangor, Maine:
Geroge C. Scott made a career of avoiding the Oscars.
Sharon Waxman: Senk you.
Re: Actress vs. supporting actress:
Studios suggest categories for nominations. Yes, Marcia Gay Harden is the lead actress of Pollock, but the studio knows she doesn't have a prayer to win Best Actress. Best Supporting Actress is usually a weaker field of contenders, so she has a better chance.
This happens every year. The same is true now for Michelle Yeoh and the other female actress in Crouching Tiger--the categories that the studio suggested for each were switched because Yeoh speaks English and the other actress doesn't.
BTW, the studio recommends films/categories by mailing out videotapes to Academy members and printing on the box: May we suggest Joe Blow for Best Actor, etc.
Sharon Waxman: Right. Thanks.
Silver Spring, Md.:
Talk about Meryl Streep, what is her next picture, as far as you know?
Sharon Waxman: She's about to start shooting in this Spike Jonze/ Charlie Kaufman movie. The name escapes me but it's about trying to adapt the novel 'The Orchid Thief,' and how the screenwriter (Nic Cage) becomes obsessed with the writer (Streep) in the process.
Re: women in the biz:
What about Annette Bening? She's over 40 and getting work. Diane Keaton (though please don't bust me on Father of the Bride I and II). And Anjelica Huston's moved into directing -- that's gotta mean power, yes?
Sharon Waxman: Really? What was the last Annette Bening movie you saw? I mean SINCE 'American Beauty', which was shot like two years ago? Anjelica Huston hardly directs - she did a tv movie last year or something. I'm not complaining if they're not complaining.
But I think they're complaining.
Nashville, Tenn.:
On the People magazine adoption thing:
The article basically is a whitewash that makes celebrities appear that they go through the exact same process as everyone else. Rosie O'Donnell makes the point that if someone is willing to take a child of any race or age, it is a shorter, easier process.
Still, there is some fairly revealing information about the short waits some celebrities (Calista Flockhart) have had to endure to get -white- babies.
Sharon Waxman: Thanks.
Philadelphia, Pa.:
Sharon: If Russell Crowe can kill 5 men singlehandedly, what is with all of the protection over a minor kidnapping threat? It is sort of disappointing, really. Also, am planning a big bash for the Academy Awards. Any creative Holywood touches or party ideas? Thanks.
Sharon Waxman: Nothing springs to mind. Unless you feel like serving toxic sludge, cocaine canapes or bamboo shoots. (Ahahahahaha!)
Sorry, I think that story about Russell Crowe is seriously creepy.
Silver Spring, Md.:
Sharon, why is Russell Crowe the leading candidate for best actor? Since when did the Academy elevate what was essentially a performance in a slasher movie to such status? Wow, he grunted well and could swing a sword.
Sharon Waxman: Believe he gets bonus points for his work in last year's "The Insider." Plus he looks great unshaven.
Vienna:
Is there a turning point in actresses' careers? Something that suddenly kills their chances of getting work: a bad movie, turning 30, a change in executives' tastes, etc.
Sharon Waxman: Generally speaking it's one of the above - a very bad movie that they star in, or a very big money-loser in which they have a big role. Generally when actresses turn 35 they start to hit the wall. Meg Ryan, Michelle Pfeiffer, huge stars and talented women that they are, are starting to hit that wall. The execs are mostly men, and even the women think they have to cater to young male teens, or young female teens. So much the worse for us.
D.C.:
Re: Shrinking women's roles. How do you see this playing out in the careers of such 30-something one-name superstars as Gwyneth, Winona, & Uma? Are they considered more stars than serious actresses?
Sharon Waxman: Winona needs a good role; she hasn't had one in years. Uma is over, in my view. She'd need some fabulous indie role to bring herself back; she did 'Vatel' which no one will see and was apparently execrably bad. Gwyneth is still flush. But she's a media star. She has not proven herself to be a box office star. None of her movies have opened. But she has a number of years to continue to prove herself.
Bangor, Maine:
I thought Joe Blow was great as the union leader in the Ida Tarbell story. He deserves an Oscar..
Sharon Waxman: Me too. But the movie was too long, dontcha think?
Los Angeles:
Yes, pop culture, namely movies, television, and music influence everyone, negatively and positively, including children. As they should. A song can speak volumes to a 17 year old, as can a scene in a film. We live so we can be influenced and be touched by many elements in our surroundings. That's what makes us alive. Some of these elements are pointless, crass or irresponsible, but what do we do? Have them cut out? I think not.
This is where the most important element in our culture comes in. Seems almost entirely missing from the Santee High coverage: PARENTS. Andy had a mother clear across the country weeping instead of parenting. And a father who is nowhere to be found during all his son's previous mishandlings.
This kid was going to hurt others and/or himself someway, gun, knife, bombs, whatever. But he cried out a million different ways to both parents, peers, faculty about his emptiness before this tragedy. No one bothered.
This does NOT excuse anything he did. He must go to jail, and for life, sadly. But everyone with children might want to wake up, put work and selfish play somewhere on number 2 or 3 of priorities and notice their little kiddlings for a change. Children are lost and adults are largely clueless.
Sharon Waxman: Thanks for that heartfelt entry. It's something we all need to think about, and act upon. I too think Andy Williams practically begged for someone to pay attention to him; he backed himself into a corner with his threats, and somehow decided he had to prove himself once and for all.
Folks I gotta sign off now. Thanks so much for such a rich, interesting discussion. See you next week.
washingtonpost.com:
That was our last question today for Sharon Waxman. Thanks to Sharon Waxman, and to
everyone who joined us.
Keep up with the latest in news, sports, politics and entertainment with washingtonpost.com e-mail newsletters.
|
|
© Copyright 2001 The Washington Post Company | 
